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Rubber

Natural rubber is an elastic substance found as milky, dispersion …many, species of plants. Synthetic rubbers are highly polymeric substances manufactured from a wide range of chemical compounds. Both synthetical and natural rubber have in common the ability to undergo nearly reversible, highly elastic deformation.

In 1960, world wide use of rubber was divided nearly equally between natural product (about 2 million .tons) and synthetic rubber (about 1.8 million tons).

Natural rubber being an extremely valuable substance, many other naturally occurring compounds are closely related to it chemically. The basic building block for natural rubber as well аs other polyisoprenoids is acetic acid. Natural rubber was first obtained from wild trees in Brazil.

The physical and chemical properties of natural rubber are fixed by biological factors. In synthetic rubber a much greater variation of properties can be realized. The chemical properties of rubber are of paramount importance.

Vulcanization is a process used to make raw rubber useful. It decreases sensitivity to extremes of temperature, confers resistance to flow under stress and stabilizes rubbers valuable properties. Chemically, vulcanization creates strong bonds between the long linear molecules of the rubbery polymer. It fixes efficiently the molecules position with respect to one another and prevents their slippage under stress.